It has also found its importance in dermatological issues like acne, oily skin, dermatitis, bug bites as well as sciatica and rheumatic aches. The plant has gained much popularity due to the profound activity shown towards intestinal infections and infestations caused by ascarids, hookworms, fungi, yeast, and bacteria. was believed to possess antiseptic, astringent, carminative, tonic, and anthelminthic properties. The plant is expected to render a possible inhibition of bacterial adsorption and biofilm matrix formation. in cases of bacterial and fungal infections. Experts have also recommended the use of T. vulgaris L. However, application of thyme ( T. vulgaris L.) and primrose ( Primula vulgaris) extract has demonstrated beneficiary in clinical trials against bronchitis and other respiratory disease related symptoms. was recommended for treating respiratory disorders raised due to the inflammation of upper respiratory tract mucous membranes, including whooping cough, bronchitis, and catarrh. This is supported by modern studies, which have proved the antibacterial efficacy using both normal and MDR strains of virulent bacteria and fungi. Treatment of skin diseases like Black Death during the 1340s and several foodborne illnesses was also done using the T. vulgaris L. It is believed that Romans and Greek fumigated their surroundings by burning the entire plant. These properties depict its efficacy as a culinary and medicinal plant as well. was used in monasteries in food preparations. Usage of its aerial parts for fumigation, treating skin and respiratory diseases in ancient Europe deliberates on the anti-infective property of the plant. The plant was chiefly used for the treatment of wounds, as it possesses healing and antiseptic properties. is reported with an array of ethnobotanical applications due to its extensive pharmacological properties. In addition, the perfumery and cosmetic industries also use T. vulgaris L. It is also used for preserving meat, chicken, and fish, along with its use for flowering and ornamental purposes. is commercially used as aflavouring agent in food industries due to its extensive aromaticity. It is usually grown for commercial purposes in several countries for its dried leaves, plant extracts, plant oil, and oleoresins. It appears as a short and bushy plant with several small flowers. The plant grows well in an arid climate and unshaded areas in coarse, rough, and well-drained soil that is generally unsuitable for many plants. is reported to have a worldwide distribution. Being native to Southern Europe, T. vulgaris L. The Greek form of the word ‘thyme’ depicts ‘to fumigate’, owing to its use as incense or for its balsamic odour or it belonged to the class of sweet-smelling herbs. or thyme, known as “garden thyme” is an aromatic and perennial flowering plant belonging to the Lamiaceae family. systematically to develop plant-based drugs, nutraceuticals, and to evaluate their clinical efficiency and safety. Further, based on research gaps, recommendations have been provided to evaluate T. vulgaris L. Applications of these compounds including antidiabetic, anti-Alzheimer's, cardio, neuro and hepatoprotective, anti-osteoporosis, sedative, immunomodulatory, antioxidant, anti-tyrosinase, antispasmodic, antinociceptive, gastroprotective, anticonvulsant, antihypertensive, antidepressant, anti-amnesia, and anti-helminthic activities have been mentioned. The literature review has also indicated the use of volatile oils, phenolic acids, terpenoids, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, tannins, alkaloids, and polysaccharides in pharmacotherapy. The different extracts and essential oil obtained from the plant have been assessed and reported to treat ailments like microbial infections, inflammation, non-communicable diseases like cancer, and sexually transmitted diseases like HIV-1 and Herpes. ![]() In this review, a comprehensive approach is put forth to scrutinize and report the available data on phytochemistry, ethnopharmacology, pharmacology, and toxicology of the plant. include antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and anti-cancerous activities. The reported pharmacological activities of T. vulgaris L. is a medicinal and culinary herb from the Southern European region known for its anti-infective, cardioprotective, gastroprotective, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory activities since the Egyptian era.
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